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Squirrels – Nimble, shy and forgetful

Red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris), also known locally as kittens or male squirrels, are good climbers; they feel safe and secure in tall trees. They scamper nimbly up and down the trees, using their bushy tail as a kind of balancing pole and, when jumping, also as a parachute. Their four fingers and vestigial thumb are covered in claws. These provide a good grip, especially on smooth tree trunks. What's especially cute to watch is that they always move forward in small hops, even on the ground. Squirrels are rodents and belong to the class of mammals. This means that they give birth to live young and also nurse them. The European red squirrel can have two to five young four times a year.

Eichhörnchen – Flink, scheu und vergesslich
© Fotolia

habitat

Squirrels are solitary animals and spend most of their lives in the treetops, preferably in mixed forests, as these provide a constant supply of food. They engage in only limited territorial defense. Squirrels are diurnal animals. They do not hibernate, but retreat to their shelters during periods of persistent frost. They live in roofed nests called dreys. These are built close to the main trunk, in forks or branching branches. The basic structure consists of twigs, and the interior is lined with grass, moss, feathers, wool, and other soft materials. Squirrels sometimes use abandoned bird nests as a base.

Eating habits

These cute little creatures with their curious, button eyes are shy by nature. Nevertheless, these small rodents are increasingly seen in gardens and parks. There they generally find excellent living conditions, which are rarely found in forests these days. Life is good near humans: Enemies such as sparrowhawks and hawks do not like to go near humans, and they always find something to eat there. Squirrels are quite greedy animals. Whatever they don't eat right away, they bury for a difficult time. Unfortunately, because squirrels are quite forgetful, they often don't find their hiding places again. Their diet is varied and changes according to the season. In spring, they prefer buds, twigs, and young shoots. Later in the year, they prefer seeds and fruits of deciduous and coniferous trees, such as hazelnuts, beechnuts, walnuts, or fir and pine cones. But they also cannot resist root tubers, mushrooms, and insects. Gardens with trees and berry bushes are just what you need.

Bean Bush bean 'Caruso' – Phaseolus vulgaris
€4,50
Broccoli 'Rasmus' - Brassica oleracea var. italica
€3,50
Oak leaf lettuce 'Red Salad Bowl' - Lactuca sativa var. Acephala
€2,90
Kale 'Lark's Tongue' - Brassica oleracea
€2,90
Cucumber Cucumber 'La Diva' - Cucumis sativa
€4,50

Danger zone

When searching for food, these nimble climbers often have to travel long distances. Roads are not a recognizable source of danger for them. Unfortunately, it often happens that squirrels are injured or that their young lose their parents. Storms and severe weather also pose a great danger to baby squirrels, as they can fall out of the nest. And unfortunately, the mother isn't always there in time to collect the injured and easily hypothermic babies.
If you find an orphaned or injured squirrel in your garden or while out for a walk, please call the Squirrel Emergency Hotline (Emergency number: 0700/200 200 12). This nationwide organization is dedicated not only to the breeding, reintroduction, and protection of the European red squirrel, but also to the fight against the breeding and keeping of these animals. The organization maintains 60 active rescue centers nationwide where animals can be surrendered.

A blessing in disguise

Fortunately, there are rescue centers that help squirrels in need. There, the animals are cared for, even if they've fallen out of their nests when they're too young or have been injured. There, they're fed and nursed back to health until they're big and strong enough to hop from branch to branch again.
To ensure that the squirrels grow big and strong, they are fed a mixture of milk, oat flakes and vitamin drops several times a day.
It's not uncommon for these little animals to climb onto their caretakers' shoulders; they always want to reach high. They usually climb a tree immediately after being released into the wild.
Although baby squirrels accept the human who raised them as a surrogate mother, and they often return after being released into the wild, they would become very unhappy in a cage or house once they reach sexual maturity and become adults. In the worst case, they might even become aggressive!

© Fotolia

Squirrel Project Eckernförde

One of these rescue centers is located in Eckernförde. In addition to the 50-square-meter reintroduction enclosure, the "Eckernförde Squirrel Project" also houses a large, near-natural permanent enclosure for handicapped squirrels who are unable to be released into the wild. There, they have the opportunity to behave in a completely squirrel-like manner in a natural, protected habitat and to fully indulge their natural instincts, such as jumping and climbing. They also, of course, fetch their own food. The large enclosure offers visitors the opportunity to get a close look at these friendly tree acrobats. The center is open daily, except Mondays, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. For larger groups such as school classes, registration is required.

What everyone can do to protect squirrels

  • Secure rain barrels and other open water sources. Squirrels often slip off the smooth edges of a rain barrel and drown miserably. It's best to close the rain barrel with a lid. Even a simple stick stuck in the water can save a squirrel's life, as it can help them climb out again.
  • Avoid using protective nets for berries and trees! Once entangled, a squirrel won't be able to escape.
  • In summer, squirrels and birds alike enjoy water bowls.
  • Avoid using slug bait, rat poison or other chemicals in the garden.
  • Supplementary feeding is a good idea from winter to spring. For example, there are bird feeders available that allow squirrels to lift the lid and access the dry food.

Nationwide squirrel emergency number: 0700/200 200 12

TEXT: Victoria Wegner

© Fotolia

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